November 4, 1972, marks the adoption of the Constitution of Bangladesh. A constitution serves as the supreme law of the land, establishing the structure, functions, and limitations of government organs. The Constitution of Bangladesh is a written document with a rigid amendment procedure.

The legal foundation of the nation began with the Proclamation of Independence (POI) issued on April 10, 1971, which was given retrospective effect from March 26, 1971. This instrument functioned as the first constitution, providing a framework for the provisional government. Subsequently, the Provisional Constitution of Bangladesh Order 1972 was passed on January 11, 1972, transitioning the nation to a parliamentary form of government. The Constituent Assembly of Bangladesh Order, 1972, promulgated on March 23, 1972, initiated the process for the current Constitution.

The Constituent Assembly held its first session on April 10, 1972. A 34-member Constitution Drafting Committee, chaired by Kamal Hossain, was formed on April 11, 1972. The draft Constitution Bill was presented to the Assembly on October 12, 1972, with the first reading commencing on October 19. Following the third reading, the Constitution was enacted and given prospective effect from December 16, 1972. Over the past 54 years, the Constitution has undergone 17 amendments.

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