Dhaka faces significant challenges regarding traffic congestion and public order, characterized by the illegal occupation of footpaths by hawkers and widespread traffic violations. While formal shopkeepers must adhere to trade regulations, taxes, and utility costs, many hawkers operate without such requirements. Similarly, illegal street parking is often more convenient than utilizing legal, paid facilities, and unfit buses frequently operate without facing the same compliance costs as those that are properly maintained. The emergence of unregulated e-rickshaws, which often lack proper safety features, further complicates the situation and poses risks to pedestrians.

According to legal theorist HLA Hart, the purpose of sanction is not merely to provide a motive for obedience, but to serve as a guarantee that those who voluntarily obey the law are not placed at a disadvantage compared to those who violate it.

The current situation in Dhaka reflects a crisis where the lack of consistent enforcement makes breaking the law more profitable than abiding by it. When sanctions are applied selectively, it creates disparity and undermines the functioning of society. Effective enforcement is necessary to ensure that social organizations remain viable and that the rule of law is maintained.

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